by
[重读)baI; bai; (轻读)bə; bi, bə]
介系词
1 在…近旁,在…之旁边,在…身边,靠近…
a house by the seaside
海滨的房屋
I haven't got it ~ me.
我身边没有这样东西
【同义字】
beside 和 by 都有“旁边”的意思,而 beside 比 by 更明确
2
a. 由…的旁边,经过…
go by me [the church]
从我 [教堂] 旁边走过
b. 通过<路>,沿著…,顺著…
drive by the highway
沿著公路驾车
pass by the river
经过河边
c. 经由…,取道… (via)
travel by (way of) Italy
取道义大利旅游
3
a. 用…,藉…,乘…,搭…
by letter [wire]
用书信 [电报]
send by post
邮寄
go [travel] by bus [boat, bicycle, plane, rail(road), train, etc.]
搭乘巴士 [船,自行车,飞机,火车 (等) ] 去[旅行]
go by water [air]
由水路 [搭飞机] 去
by land [sea]
由陆路 [水路]
go by the 9:00 p.m. train
搭下午九点的火车去
b. 用…,藉…,以…
by hand [machine]
用手[机器] (制的)
sell by auction
以拍卖出售
learn by heart
默记,背
c. 藉<做…>,以
Let's begin by reviewing the last lesson.
我们开始 (上课) ,先温习上一课
We learn by listening.
我们以听力训练法学习
d. 因…
die by poison
中毒而死
by reason of
? 由于…,因为…
4 由…,被…
America was discovered by Columbus.
美洲是由哥伦布发现的
Those locomotives are driven by electricity.
那些火车头是电动的
be made [written] by John Smith
由约翰.史密斯制作 [执笔]
a novel by Scott
司各脱 (写) 的小说
5
a. 到…时已经,不晚于…,到…时为止 (not laterthan)
by the end of this month (
最迟) 到这个月底
finish by the evening
到傍晚完成
By the time we reached home, it was quite dark.
我们回到家时,天已经很黑了
b. 在…时间内,在…期间 (during)
I work by day and study by night.
我在日间工作,夜间读书
He went home by daylight.
他在天还没黑时回家了
6 a. 按…,依照…,依据…
It's five o'clock by my watch.
依照我的表,时间是五点
judge a person by appearances
以貌取人,根据外表判断一个人
b. [by the?; 表示单位] 以…为单位,以…计,按…计算
board by the month
按月包饭 [搭伙]
sell by the yard [gallon]
以码 [加仑] 计价卖
pay a worker by the piece
按件计酬
by the hundred =by (the) hundreds
好几百地,数以百计
He used to read by the hour.
他从前常常一看书就是好几个小时
7 a. 至于…程度; 至 (…之多)
by degrees
逐渐,渐次
miss by a minute
迟一分钟,只差一点而错过
win by a boat's length
以一船身之领先获胜
He is taller than she (is) by five centimeters.
他比她高五公分
little by little = bit by bit
一点一点地,逐渐
day by day
日复一日地
drop by drop
一滴一滴地
one by one
逐一
step by step
一步一步地,逐步
room by room
逐室,一个房间一个房?a
b. 以…
multiply 8 by 2
以 2 乘 8
divide 8 by 2
八除以二
a room (of) 12 ft. by 15 (ft.)
十二?湛硎
by
[baI; bai]
名词
= bye
1经过after, by, course, go through, pass by, process, through, transit 辨析>>
英go by1．pass by走过*You've missed the bus；it just went by．你错过了这趟公共汽车，它刚开走。*We waited for the procession to go by．我们等队伍过去。2．be guided by sth．giving direction靠…指引（方向）*Having no map to go by，we soon lost our way．没有地图 ...
英get by1．pass 通过*I moved aside to let him get by．我让到一旁让他过去。*A lorry blocked the pathway， so that we couldn't get by．一辆卡车把路堵了，我们过不去。*Please move to the right so he can get by．请向右移一下，以便让他过去。2．succeed by a ver ...
英abide by... the club，you must abide by its rules．你参加这个俱 ...... should strictly abide by the contract．双方应恪守 ...... decision， we must abide by it．我们既已作出决定，就应 ...... two will have to abide by the inevitable．你们两个 ...... 后果。*You must abide by the results of your mi ...
英by and by... are bound to get better by and ... he would do his homework by and ... 男孩说他一会儿就做作业。by and ... 不一会儿he'll come back by and 他不久会回来
英stand by... ittle brother standing by．玛丽不能把秘密告诉简，因 ...... 观*He could not stand by and watch the boy bein ...... t the robbery，and stood by for orders．巡逻车里的警 ...... 守诺言的男孩。*I stand by every word I said．我信 ...... attacked Bill，Ed stood by him．当3个大男孩袭击比尔 ...
英pass by1． go past走过*He passed by without greeting me．他经过我面前 ...... lapse ：（chance or opportunity）slip by（时间）过去；（机会）错过*The patient gre ...... nore忽略*We'll pass that matter by for the moment．我们暂时不去考虑 ...... 们完全由于疏忽而漏过了这篇短文。
英little by littleby degrees；gradually；step ... step 渐渐地*He learned to cook little by little．他慢慢学会了做菜。*He has becom ...... to control his smoking desire little by little．约翰不能立即把烟戒掉，他得慢慢地 ...
英by degreesgradually；step by step 逐渐地；慢慢地*The days are getting colder ...... grees．天气渐渐冷起来了。*Their friendship grew by degryees into love．他们的友谊逐渐发展为爱情。* ...... degrees．我们的经验是逐渐获得的。
英by far1．evidently；clearly 明显地*He is by far the best student in this class．他显然是这 ...... arge amount or degree；very much 甚为*Books are by far the most lasting products of human effort ...... 航程更为艰险，在此期间，他绕过了险情四伏的合恩角。
英by means ofwith the help of；by using sth．or some method 利用*He recovered ...... 边的空气和洗海水浴恢复了健康。*They succeeded by means of perseverance．他们依靠坚持而成功。*The ...... means of a ladder．小偷用一个梯子进了房间。